.
-----------------Past Papers----------------
IT430 papers
Download
Eco-401
Download
Human Relation HRM-611
Download
Conflict Management HRM-624
Download
Research Method (STA-630)
Download
Business Communication
Download
Cost and Management Accounting
Download
Economics
Download
Financial Management
Download
Money and Banking
Download
Organizational Behaviour
Download
----------------Assignments-------------
CS-507
Download
E-Commerece
Download
Eco-401
Download
Human Relation HRM-611
Download
Research Method STA-630
Download
Conflict Management HRM 624
Download
----------------Handouts----------------
CS-507
Download
Research Method
Download
Strategic Management
Download
Financial Statement Analysis (Fin-612)
Download
Conflict Management
Download
Human Relation
Download
Marketing Management (Mkt-501)
Download
E-Commerce(IT-430)
Download
Production and Operations Management (Mgt-613)
Download
Economics (Eco-401)
Download
Human Resource Management (Mgt-501)
Download
Wednesday, April 22, 2009
Tuesday, April 21, 2009
Tips For Better Sleep from VUsolutions
Like millions of other Americans, I often have trouble with insomnia — either I can't fall asleep, or I awake prematurely and am unable to get back to sleep. The following sleep tips, compiled from various sources, may prove helpful to some of my fellow insomniacs.
> Only use your bed for sleeping or having sex, not for reading, doing paperwork, watching TV, snacking, or making phone calls.
> If you've been lying in bed but are beginning to fear you're not going to drop off, try some of these techniques: Count sheep or count backwards from 100 (one of my favorites) to stop yourself from thinking about the problems of yesterday or tomorrow; breathe deeply for awhile; or visualize some peaceful place.
> If you can't get to sleep after lying in bed for 30 minutes or more, get up for awhile. What to do? Try reading something incredibly boring.
> Develop a bedtime routine.
> Keep regular bedtime hours.
> Before bedtime, avoid tobacco and caffeinated beverages (not just coffee, but other drinks like tea, cola, and Dr. Pepper).
> Avoid alcohol right before bedtime — a nightcap might get your mind fuzzy enough to put you to sleep, but such sleep may be interrupted by periods of awakening. By contrast, the stress-lowering effect of a drink with dinner may help to promote sleep later.
> Avoid naps (or falling asleep in front of boring TV programs, as I do).
> Try to get up at the same time every day rather than sleeping in on weekends.
> Exercise every day, but not shortly before bedtime since exercise gets the adrenaline going.
> If you use an illuminated clock for a wakeup alarm, place it where you can't keep looking at it to check the time.
> Buy a firm mattress and keep your bedroom well ventilated (a cool temperature works best for me).
> And you might also try some of these: a warm bath, warm milk, light bedtime snack, massage, or quiet music (which turns itself off automatically).
> Use earplugs for extreme quiet.
> If you have a painful joint or a headache, take a pain pill before bedtime (but be sure it doesn't contain caffeine).
> Avoid stimulating reading or television shows late at night.
If the insomnia stubbornly persists, check with your doctor to make sure some underlying health problem (such as depression, anxiety, hyperthyroidism, heart failure, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) isn't keeping you awake. If all is well, you might ask for one of the several types of prescription sleeping pills that can be useful in the short term.
HAVE LOVELY SLEEPS
VU Help Desk..
> Only use your bed for sleeping or having sex, not for reading, doing paperwork, watching TV, snacking, or making phone calls.
> If you've been lying in bed but are beginning to fear you're not going to drop off, try some of these techniques: Count sheep or count backwards from 100 (one of my favorites) to stop yourself from thinking about the problems of yesterday or tomorrow; breathe deeply for awhile; or visualize some peaceful place.
> If you can't get to sleep after lying in bed for 30 minutes or more, get up for awhile. What to do? Try reading something incredibly boring.
> Develop a bedtime routine.
> Keep regular bedtime hours.
> Before bedtime, avoid tobacco and caffeinated beverages (not just coffee, but other drinks like tea, cola, and Dr. Pepper).
> Avoid alcohol right before bedtime — a nightcap might get your mind fuzzy enough to put you to sleep, but such sleep may be interrupted by periods of awakening. By contrast, the stress-lowering effect of a drink with dinner may help to promote sleep later.
> Avoid naps (or falling asleep in front of boring TV programs, as I do).
> Try to get up at the same time every day rather than sleeping in on weekends.
> Exercise every day, but not shortly before bedtime since exercise gets the adrenaline going.
> If you use an illuminated clock for a wakeup alarm, place it where you can't keep looking at it to check the time.
> Buy a firm mattress and keep your bedroom well ventilated (a cool temperature works best for me).
> And you might also try some of these: a warm bath, warm milk, light bedtime snack, massage, or quiet music (which turns itself off automatically).
> Use earplugs for extreme quiet.
> If you have a painful joint or a headache, take a pain pill before bedtime (but be sure it doesn't contain caffeine).
> Avoid stimulating reading or television shows late at night.
If the insomnia stubbornly persists, check with your doctor to make sure some underlying health problem (such as depression, anxiety, hyperthyroidism, heart failure, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) isn't keeping you awake. If all is well, you might ask for one of the several types of prescription sleeping pills that can be useful in the short term.
HAVE LOVELY SLEEPS
VU Help Desk..
7 Pointers to Lift a Bad Mood
No one can live a long and healthy life without the will to go on; sometimes mood swings can make us feel that life is too much for us.
A bad mood not only gives you a gloomy outlook, it also lowers your immune function, leading the way to illness. Here are some suggestions to lift your mood, your spirit, and your health.
1. A Laughing Matter
"Laugh Therapy," pioneered by Norman Cousins, has turned out to have real substance. Research has discovered that laughter and joy boost immune functions, especially the production of the natural killer cells that help defend the body from illness and cancer.
Laughter also increases the release of endorphins - compounds that give you a sense of well-being - in your brain. Without a doubt, joyful people liver longer and healthier lives. So read your favorite comics, watch your favorite comedies, and laugh it up!
2. Amino Acid for Restored Mindset
When an imbalance or deficiency is creating a bad mood, the Europeans use supplements of a natural compound found in human cells to regulate mood and restore a healthy mindset. SAMe (S-adenosyl-L-methionine) is produced from methionine, an amino acid that plays a role in the production of uplifting neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine.
One study indicated that SAMe worked on patients who had unsuccessful results with conventional antidepressants. To get a boost from SAMe, take a supplement combining it with vitamins B6 and B12.
3. Hands-On Healing
Human touch increases the production of endorphins, growth hormone, and DHEA, all of which lengthen your life span and lower the negative impact of stress. Studies have found that patients who are regularly touched recover faster than those who are not touched. So give someone a hug and feel both of your moods improve.
4. Boost Your "Youth Hormones"
You don't need pills to flood your body with a rejuvenating flood of growth hormones. Research has found that doing squats and leg presses will greatly increase your natural production of the "youth hormone". Increased growth hormone translates to an elevated mood, among other physical benefits. Keep it up with weight training, knee bends, push-ups, and rowing.
5. Take a Bracing Breath
Breathing correctly is important for dispelling the toxins and wastes from your body; in fact, it is estimated that we expel only about 30 percent of toxins in our bodies through the bowels and bladder-the rest is all respiratory. Breathing is also a great way to clear your mind, boost your energy, and improve your mood. Practice deep, slow, rhythmic, breathing daily with mind-body disciplines such as tai chi, yoga, qigong, and meditation.
6. Smell the Joy
Research has shown that smell has a definite impact on our bodies and minds. When you stimulate the olfactory nerves inside your nose, you activate the limbic system of your brain, which is associated with moods and memory. This concept is instrumental to aromatherapy, a natural health tradition that makes use of the healing powers of plants with strong scents.
Aromatherapy recommends treating depression with jasmine, eucalyptus for exhilaration, and grapefruit to increase alertness and joy. Just put a dab of the essential oils from these plants on your temples, back of your neck, or acupressure points. Another option? Boil the herb in water and inhale the steam through your nose.
7. Feel Fine with Flowers
There is a reason that flowers are the traditional get-well gesture. Colorful flowers have a powerful influence on moods; they can uplift a patient's mood and even combat stress. One study found that during a five-minute typing assignment, people sitting next to a flowering bouquet were more relaxed than those who sat near foliage-only plants.
I hope these tips help the good feelings flow! I invite you to visit often and share your own personal health and longevity tips with me.
May you live long, live strong, and live happy!
VU Help Desk..
A bad mood not only gives you a gloomy outlook, it also lowers your immune function, leading the way to illness. Here are some suggestions to lift your mood, your spirit, and your health.
1. A Laughing Matter
"Laugh Therapy," pioneered by Norman Cousins, has turned out to have real substance. Research has discovered that laughter and joy boost immune functions, especially the production of the natural killer cells that help defend the body from illness and cancer.
Laughter also increases the release of endorphins - compounds that give you a sense of well-being - in your brain. Without a doubt, joyful people liver longer and healthier lives. So read your favorite comics, watch your favorite comedies, and laugh it up!
2. Amino Acid for Restored Mindset
When an imbalance or deficiency is creating a bad mood, the Europeans use supplements of a natural compound found in human cells to regulate mood and restore a healthy mindset. SAMe (S-adenosyl-L-methionine) is produced from methionine, an amino acid that plays a role in the production of uplifting neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine.
One study indicated that SAMe worked on patients who had unsuccessful results with conventional antidepressants. To get a boost from SAMe, take a supplement combining it with vitamins B6 and B12.
3. Hands-On Healing
Human touch increases the production of endorphins, growth hormone, and DHEA, all of which lengthen your life span and lower the negative impact of stress. Studies have found that patients who are regularly touched recover faster than those who are not touched. So give someone a hug and feel both of your moods improve.
4. Boost Your "Youth Hormones"
You don't need pills to flood your body with a rejuvenating flood of growth hormones. Research has found that doing squats and leg presses will greatly increase your natural production of the "youth hormone". Increased growth hormone translates to an elevated mood, among other physical benefits. Keep it up with weight training, knee bends, push-ups, and rowing.
5. Take a Bracing Breath
Breathing correctly is important for dispelling the toxins and wastes from your body; in fact, it is estimated that we expel only about 30 percent of toxins in our bodies through the bowels and bladder-the rest is all respiratory. Breathing is also a great way to clear your mind, boost your energy, and improve your mood. Practice deep, slow, rhythmic, breathing daily with mind-body disciplines such as tai chi, yoga, qigong, and meditation.
6. Smell the Joy
Research has shown that smell has a definite impact on our bodies and minds. When you stimulate the olfactory nerves inside your nose, you activate the limbic system of your brain, which is associated with moods and memory. This concept is instrumental to aromatherapy, a natural health tradition that makes use of the healing powers of plants with strong scents.
Aromatherapy recommends treating depression with jasmine, eucalyptus for exhilaration, and grapefruit to increase alertness and joy. Just put a dab of the essential oils from these plants on your temples, back of your neck, or acupressure points. Another option? Boil the herb in water and inhale the steam through your nose.
7. Feel Fine with Flowers
There is a reason that flowers are the traditional get-well gesture. Colorful flowers have a powerful influence on moods; they can uplift a patient's mood and even combat stress. One study found that during a five-minute typing assignment, people sitting next to a flowering bouquet were more relaxed than those who sat near foliage-only plants.
I hope these tips help the good feelings flow! I invite you to visit often and share your own personal health and longevity tips with me.
May you live long, live strong, and live happy!
VU Help Desk..
10 Health Habits That Will Help You Live to 100
The biggest factor that determines how well you age is not your genes but how well you live. Not convinced? A new study published in the British Medical Journal of 20,000 British folks shows that you can cut your risk of having a stroke in half by doing the following four things: being active for 30 minutes a day, eating five daily servings of fruit and vegetables, and avoiding cigarettes and excess alcohol.
While those are some of the obvious steps you can take to age well, researchers have discovered that centenarians tend to share certain traits in how they eat, move about, and deal with stress—the sorts of things we can emulate to improve our own aging process. Of course, getting to age 100 is enormously more likely if your parents did. Still, Thomas Perls, who studies the century-plus set at Boston University School of Medicine, believes that assuming you've sidestepped genes for truly fatal diseases like Huntington's, "there's nothing stopping you from living independently well into your 90s." Heck, if your parents and grandparents were heavy smokers, they might have died prematurely without ever reaching their true potential lifespan, so go ahead and shoot for those triple digits by following these 10 habits.
1. Don't retire. "Evidence shows that in societies where people stop working abruptly, the incidence of obesity and chronic disease skyrockets after retirement," says Luigi Ferrucci, director of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. The Chianti region of Italy, which has a high percentage of centenarians, has a different take on leisure time. "After people retire from their jobs, they spend most of the day working on their little farm, cultivating grapes or vegetables," he says. "They're never really inactive." Farming isn't for you? Volunteer as a docent at your local art museum or join the Experience Corps, a program offered in 19 cities that places senior volunteers in urban public elementary schools for about 15 hours a week.
2. Floss every day. That may help keep your arteries healthy. A 2008 New York University study showed that daily flossing reduced the amount of gum-disease-causing bacteria in the mouth. This bacteria is thought to enter the bloodstream and trigger inflammation in the arteries, a major risk factor for heart disease. Other research has shown that those who have high amounts of bacteria in their mouth are more likely to have thickening in their arteries, another sign of heart disease. "I really do think people should floss twice a day to get the biggest life expectancy benefits," stresses Perls.
3. Move around. "Exercise is the only real fountain of youth that exists," says Jay Olshansky, a professor of medicine and aging researcher at the University of Illinois at Chicago. "It's like the oil and lube job for your car. You don't have to do it, but your car will definitely run better." Study after study has documented the benefits of exercise to improve your mood, mental acuity, balance, muscle mass, and bones. "And the benefits kick in immediately after your first workout," Olshansky adds. Don't worry if you're not a gym rat. Those who see the biggest payoffs are the ones who go from doing nothing to simply walking around the neighborhood or local mall for about 30 minutes a day. Building muscle with resistance training is also ideal, but yoga classes can give you similar strength-training effects if you're not into weight lifting.
4. Eat a fiber-rich cereal for breakfast. Getting a serving of whole-grains, especially in the morning, appears to help older folks maintain stable blood sugar levels throughout the day, according to a recent study conducted by Ferrucci and his colleagues. "Those who do this have a lower incidence of diabetes, a known accelerator of aging," he says.
5. Get at least six hours of shut-eye. Instead of skimping on sleep to add more hours to your day, get more to add years to your life. "Sleep is one of the most important functions that our body uses to regulate and heal cells," says Ferrucci. "We've calculated that the minimum amount of sleep that older people need to get those healing REM phases is about six hours." Those who reach the century mark make sleep a top priority.
6. Consume whole foods, not supplements. Strong evidence suggests that people who have high blood levels of certain nutrients—selenium, beta-carotene, vitamins C and E—age much better and have a slower rate of cognitive decline. Unfortunately, there's no evidence that taking pills with these nutrients provides those antiaging benefits. "There are more than 200 different carotenoids and 200 different flavonoids in a single tomato," points out Ferrucci, "and these chemicals can all have complex interactions that foster health beyond the single nutrients we know about like lycopene or vitamin C." Avoid nutrient-lacking white foods (breads, flour, sugar) and go for all those colorful fruits and vegetables and dark whole-grain breads and cereals with their host of hidden nutrients.
7. Be less neurotic. It may work for Woody Allen, who infuses his worries with a healthy dose of humor, but the rest of us neurotics may want to find a new way to deal with stress. "We have a new study coming out that shows that centenarians tend not to internalize things or dwell on their troubles," says Perls. "They are great at rolling with the punches." If this inborn trait is hard to overcome, find better ways to manage when you're stressed: Yoga, exercise, meditation, tai chi, or just deep breathing for a few moments are all good. Ruminating, eating chips in front of the TV, binge drinking? Bad, very bad.
8. Live like a Seventh Day Adventist. Americans who define themselves as Seventh Day Adventists have an average life expectancy of 89, about a decade longer than the average American. One of the basic tenets of the religion is that it's important to cherish the body that's on loan from God, which means no smoking, alcohol abuse, or overindulging in sweets. Followers typically stick to a vegetarian diet based on fruits, vegetables, beans, and nuts, and get plenty of exercise. They're also very focused on family and community.
9. Be a creature of habit. Centenarians tend to live by strict routines, says Olshansky, eating the same kind of diet and doing the same kinds of activities their whole lives. Going to bed and waking up at the same time each day is another good habit to keep your body in the steady equilibrium that can be easily disrupted as you get on in years. "Your physiology becomes frailer when you get older," explains Ferrucci, "and it's harder for your body to bounce back if you, say, miss a few hours of sleep one night or drink too much alcohol." This can weaken immune defenses, leaving you more susceptible to circulating flu viruses or bacterial infections.
10. Stay connected. Having regular social contacts with friends and loved ones is key to avoiding depression, which can lead to premature death, something that's particularly prevalent in elderly widows and widowers. Some psychologists even think that one of the biggest benefits elderly folks get from exercise the strong social interactions that come from walking with a buddy or taking a group exercise class. Having a daily connection with a close friend or family member gives older folks the added benefit of having someone watch their back. "They'll tell you if they think your memory is going or if you seem more withdrawn," says Perls, "and they might push you to see a doctor before you recognize that you need to see one yourself."
HAVE A NICE N HAPPY LIFE
VU Help Desk..
While those are some of the obvious steps you can take to age well, researchers have discovered that centenarians tend to share certain traits in how they eat, move about, and deal with stress—the sorts of things we can emulate to improve our own aging process. Of course, getting to age 100 is enormously more likely if your parents did. Still, Thomas Perls, who studies the century-plus set at Boston University School of Medicine, believes that assuming you've sidestepped genes for truly fatal diseases like Huntington's, "there's nothing stopping you from living independently well into your 90s." Heck, if your parents and grandparents were heavy smokers, they might have died prematurely without ever reaching their true potential lifespan, so go ahead and shoot for those triple digits by following these 10 habits.
1. Don't retire. "Evidence shows that in societies where people stop working abruptly, the incidence of obesity and chronic disease skyrockets after retirement," says Luigi Ferrucci, director of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. The Chianti region of Italy, which has a high percentage of centenarians, has a different take on leisure time. "After people retire from their jobs, they spend most of the day working on their little farm, cultivating grapes or vegetables," he says. "They're never really inactive." Farming isn't for you? Volunteer as a docent at your local art museum or join the Experience Corps, a program offered in 19 cities that places senior volunteers in urban public elementary schools for about 15 hours a week.
2. Floss every day. That may help keep your arteries healthy. A 2008 New York University study showed that daily flossing reduced the amount of gum-disease-causing bacteria in the mouth. This bacteria is thought to enter the bloodstream and trigger inflammation in the arteries, a major risk factor for heart disease. Other research has shown that those who have high amounts of bacteria in their mouth are more likely to have thickening in their arteries, another sign of heart disease. "I really do think people should floss twice a day to get the biggest life expectancy benefits," stresses Perls.
3. Move around. "Exercise is the only real fountain of youth that exists," says Jay Olshansky, a professor of medicine and aging researcher at the University of Illinois at Chicago. "It's like the oil and lube job for your car. You don't have to do it, but your car will definitely run better." Study after study has documented the benefits of exercise to improve your mood, mental acuity, balance, muscle mass, and bones. "And the benefits kick in immediately after your first workout," Olshansky adds. Don't worry if you're not a gym rat. Those who see the biggest payoffs are the ones who go from doing nothing to simply walking around the neighborhood or local mall for about 30 minutes a day. Building muscle with resistance training is also ideal, but yoga classes can give you similar strength-training effects if you're not into weight lifting.
4. Eat a fiber-rich cereal for breakfast. Getting a serving of whole-grains, especially in the morning, appears to help older folks maintain stable blood sugar levels throughout the day, according to a recent study conducted by Ferrucci and his colleagues. "Those who do this have a lower incidence of diabetes, a known accelerator of aging," he says.
5. Get at least six hours of shut-eye. Instead of skimping on sleep to add more hours to your day, get more to add years to your life. "Sleep is one of the most important functions that our body uses to regulate and heal cells," says Ferrucci. "We've calculated that the minimum amount of sleep that older people need to get those healing REM phases is about six hours." Those who reach the century mark make sleep a top priority.
6. Consume whole foods, not supplements. Strong evidence suggests that people who have high blood levels of certain nutrients—selenium, beta-carotene, vitamins C and E—age much better and have a slower rate of cognitive decline. Unfortunately, there's no evidence that taking pills with these nutrients provides those antiaging benefits. "There are more than 200 different carotenoids and 200 different flavonoids in a single tomato," points out Ferrucci, "and these chemicals can all have complex interactions that foster health beyond the single nutrients we know about like lycopene or vitamin C." Avoid nutrient-lacking white foods (breads, flour, sugar) and go for all those colorful fruits and vegetables and dark whole-grain breads and cereals with their host of hidden nutrients.
7. Be less neurotic. It may work for Woody Allen, who infuses his worries with a healthy dose of humor, but the rest of us neurotics may want to find a new way to deal with stress. "We have a new study coming out that shows that centenarians tend not to internalize things or dwell on their troubles," says Perls. "They are great at rolling with the punches." If this inborn trait is hard to overcome, find better ways to manage when you're stressed: Yoga, exercise, meditation, tai chi, or just deep breathing for a few moments are all good. Ruminating, eating chips in front of the TV, binge drinking? Bad, very bad.
8. Live like a Seventh Day Adventist. Americans who define themselves as Seventh Day Adventists have an average life expectancy of 89, about a decade longer than the average American. One of the basic tenets of the religion is that it's important to cherish the body that's on loan from God, which means no smoking, alcohol abuse, or overindulging in sweets. Followers typically stick to a vegetarian diet based on fruits, vegetables, beans, and nuts, and get plenty of exercise. They're also very focused on family and community.
9. Be a creature of habit. Centenarians tend to live by strict routines, says Olshansky, eating the same kind of diet and doing the same kinds of activities their whole lives. Going to bed and waking up at the same time each day is another good habit to keep your body in the steady equilibrium that can be easily disrupted as you get on in years. "Your physiology becomes frailer when you get older," explains Ferrucci, "and it's harder for your body to bounce back if you, say, miss a few hours of sleep one night or drink too much alcohol." This can weaken immune defenses, leaving you more susceptible to circulating flu viruses or bacterial infections.
10. Stay connected. Having regular social contacts with friends and loved ones is key to avoiding depression, which can lead to premature death, something that's particularly prevalent in elderly widows and widowers. Some psychologists even think that one of the biggest benefits elderly folks get from exercise the strong social interactions that come from walking with a buddy or taking a group exercise class. Having a daily connection with a close friend or family member gives older folks the added benefit of having someone watch their back. "They'll tell you if they think your memory is going or if you seem more withdrawn," says Perls, "and they might push you to see a doctor before you recognize that you need to see one yourself."
HAVE A NICE N HAPPY LIFE
VU Help Desk..
Monday, April 20, 2009
Download Handouts + Old Papers + Old Assignment's Solutions
.
-----------------Past Papers----------------
IT430 papers
Download
Eco-401
Download
Human Relation HRM-611
Download
Conflict Management HRM-624
Download
Research Method (STA-630)
Download
Business Communication
Download
Cost and Management Accounting
Download
Economics
Download
Financial Management
Download
Money and Banking
Download
Organizational Behaviour
Download
----------------Assignments-------------
CS-507
Download
E-Commerece
Download
Eco-401
Download
Human Relation HRM-611
Download
Research Method STA-630
Download
Conflict Management HRM 624
Download
----------------Handouts----------------
CS-507
Download
Research Method
Download
Strategic Management
Download
Financial Statement Analysis (Fin-612)
Download
Conflict Management
Download
Human Relation
Download
Marketing Management (Mkt-501)
Download
E-Commerce(IT-430)
Download
Production and Operations Management (Mgt-613)
Download
Economics (Eco-401)
Download
Human Resource Management (Mgt-501)
Download
-----------------Past Papers----------------
IT430 papers
Download
Eco-401
Download
Human Relation HRM-611
Download
Conflict Management HRM-624
Download
Research Method (STA-630)
Download
Business Communication
Download
Cost and Management Accounting
Download
Economics
Download
Financial Management
Download
Money and Banking
Download
Organizational Behaviour
Download
----------------Assignments-------------
CS-507
Download
E-Commerece
Download
Eco-401
Download
Human Relation HRM-611
Download
Research Method STA-630
Download
Conflict Management HRM 624
Download
----------------Handouts----------------
CS-507
Download
Research Method
Download
Strategic Management
Download
Financial Statement Analysis (Fin-612)
Download
Conflict Management
Download
Human Relation
Download
Marketing Management (Mkt-501)
Download
E-Commerce(IT-430)
Download
Production and Operations Management (Mgt-613)
Download
Economics (Eco-401)
Download
Human Resource Management (Mgt-501)
Download
Saturday, April 18, 2009
Want update about Assignments on Mobile/Cell #?
Dear Students,
VUsolutions proudly going to start (in few days) a service with name "Updater".
If you are away from your computer (PC) and want to keep in touch with our websit anyway, just email us your mobile/cell/Vfon number at "virtual.uni.help.updater@gmail.com". We 100% keep you touch with our website (www.VUsolutions.blogspot.com).
Please feel free to comments on this offer, all type of comments will highly be appreciated and responded.
BEST OF LUCK
VU Help Desk..
VUsolutions proudly going to start (in few days) a service with name "Updater".
If you are away from your computer (PC) and want to keep in touch with our websit anyway, just email us your mobile/cell/Vfon number at "virtual.uni.help.updater@gmail.com". We 100% keep you touch with our website (www.VUsolutions.blogspot.com).
Please feel free to comments on this offer, all type of comments will highly be appreciated and responded.
BEST OF LUCK
VU Help Desk..
Thursday, April 16, 2009
HRM-628 - Quiz-2 Solution, from VUsolutions
1 A
2 C
3 D
4 D
5 D
6 B
7 A
8 B
9 A
10 A
[[NOTE:- We always try our best to upload 100% correct solution BUT it is requested that you kindly review it before submission, please.]]
______________________________
QUIZ 2
1. __________ occurs when organizational development practitioners claim that
an intervention will produce results that are unreasonable for the change
program or the situation.
a. Ethical Dilemmas
b. Misrepresentation
c. Coercion
d. Spirit of inquiry
2. “Decreasing number of customers” represents what in organization
development process?
a. A rapid change in organization
b. Diagnosis of problem
c. A specific problem
d. A general problem
3. “Organization development practitioner should consult the relevant
employees”. This is an example of which of the following contracting
process?
a. Describing
b. Mutual Expectations
c. Time and Resources
d. Ground Rules
4. Which of the following statement is true for development oriented diagnosis?
a. Managers are d in organization development when the organization
is not facing a problem
b. Managers are d in organization development when the organization
is facing small problems
c. Managers are d in organization development when the organization
is facing small but not significant problems
d. Managers are d in organization development when the organization
is facing major problems
5. In organizational systems, alignment refers to which of the following?
a. A concept that a manager can use varying degrees of inputs into the
organization
b. Development of a variety of satisfactory options
c. Transforming variety of options in a variety of ways to obtain satisfactory
outputs
d. A characteristic of the relationship between two or more parts
6. “How well the organization has met the expectations of different groups”
represents which of the following?
a. Stakeholder satisfaction
b. Productivity
c. Financial outputs
d. Nonprofit outputs
7. Which one of the following is the component of output at group level
diagnosis?
a. Goal clarity
b. Team effectiveness
c. Team functioning
d. Group composition
8. Coordination is most important for groups performing which of the following
tasks?
a. Independent tasks
b. Interdependent tasks
c. Mutually exclusive tasks
d. Self regulatory tasks
9. Which one of the following is NOT the component of design component at
individual level?
a. Skill variety
b. Task identity
c. Individual effectiveness
d. Task significant
10. “Responses can be quantified and easily summarized” is advantage of:
a. Interview
b. Questionnaire
c. Observation
d. Unobtrusive measures
2 C
3 D
4 D
5 D
6 B
7 A
8 B
9 A
10 A
[[NOTE:- We always try our best to upload 100% correct solution BUT it is requested that you kindly review it before submission, please.]]
______________________________
QUIZ 2
1. __________ occurs when organizational development practitioners claim that
an intervention will produce results that are unreasonable for the change
program or the situation.
a. Ethical Dilemmas
b. Misrepresentation
c. Coercion
d. Spirit of inquiry
2. “Decreasing number of customers” represents what in organization
development process?
a. A rapid change in organization
b. Diagnosis of problem
c. A specific problem
d. A general problem
3. “Organization development practitioner should consult the relevant
employees”. This is an example of which of the following contracting
process?
a. Describing
b. Mutual Expectations
c. Time and Resources
d. Ground Rules
4. Which of the following statement is true for development oriented diagnosis?
a. Managers are d in organization development when the organization
is not facing a problem
b. Managers are d in organization development when the organization
is facing small problems
c. Managers are d in organization development when the organization
is facing small but not significant problems
d. Managers are d in organization development when the organization
is facing major problems
5. In organizational systems, alignment refers to which of the following?
a. A concept that a manager can use varying degrees of inputs into the
organization
b. Development of a variety of satisfactory options
c. Transforming variety of options in a variety of ways to obtain satisfactory
outputs
d. A characteristic of the relationship between two or more parts
6. “How well the organization has met the expectations of different groups”
represents which of the following?
a. Stakeholder satisfaction
b. Productivity
c. Financial outputs
d. Nonprofit outputs
7. Which one of the following is the component of output at group level
diagnosis?
a. Goal clarity
b. Team effectiveness
c. Team functioning
d. Group composition
8. Coordination is most important for groups performing which of the following
tasks?
a. Independent tasks
b. Interdependent tasks
c. Mutually exclusive tasks
d. Self regulatory tasks
9. Which one of the following is NOT the component of design component at
individual level?
a. Skill variety
b. Task identity
c. Individual effectiveness
d. Task significant
10. “Responses can be quantified and easily summarized” is advantage of:
a. Interview
b. Questionnaire
c. Observation
d. Unobtrusive measures
MGMT-510 Quiz Solution from VUsolutions
1 D
2 B
3 D
4 A
5 A
6 D
7 A
8 C
9 D
10 A
[[NOTE:- We always try our best to upload 100% correct solution BUT it is requested that you kindly review it before submission, please.]]
------------------------------------
1. All of the following are the grounds to give birth to total quality approach EXCEPT:
A. Obsession with quantity
B. Confusion and poor leadership
C. One employee in charge
D. Political disorder
2. Which of the following was developed by Motorola to improve its processes by
minimizing defects?
A. ISO 9000
B. Six sigma
C. QS 9000
D. TQM
3. Quality applies to which aspect(s) of the organization?
A. Products only
B. Products and services
C. People and product
D. Products, services, and people
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Deming’s philosophy?
A. It is based on improving products and services by reducing uncertainty and variability in the design and manufacturing processes
B. Quality is either or not present in the whole organization; that quality is the responsibility of everyone in the organization
C. Increasing conformance to specifications through elimination of defects, supported extensively by statistical tools for analysis
D. Increasing loss, for the producer, the customer, and society, associated with increasing variability from a target value
5. Which of the following statements, in relation to system, is TRUE for people failing to understand the components of Profound Knowledge?
A. They see the symptoms but not the deep causes of problems
B. They do not know when expectations are realistic
C. They do not understand motivation/why people do what they do
D. They do not know how to plan and accomplish learning and improvement
6. "Problems will remain unsolved, despite their best efforts." When this will happen?
A. When people don’t understand systems
B. When people don’t understand psychology
C. When people don’t understand variation
D. When people don’t understand the theory of knowledge
7. Which stage in the Shewhart Cycle implements the change on a small scale?
A. Do stage
B. Act stage
C. Plan stage
D. Check stage
8. Which of the following s determining what to control, establishing units of
measurement so that data may be objectively evaluated?
A. Quality improvement
B. Quality planning
C. Quality control
D. Quality process
9. All of the following steps are required for quality planning EXCEPT:
A. Determine who the customers are
B. Deploy the plans to operational levels
C. Identify customers’ needs
D. Assess actual quality performance
10. Which of the following is an answer to the First Absolute of Quality Management
as summarized by Crosby; what is quality?
A. Conformance to requirements
B. Prevention
C. Zero defects
D. Price of nonconformance
2 B
3 D
4 A
5 A
6 D
7 A
8 C
9 D
10 A
[[NOTE:- We always try our best to upload 100% correct solution BUT it is requested that you kindly review it before submission, please.]]
------------------------------------
1. All of the following are the grounds to give birth to total quality approach EXCEPT:
A. Obsession with quantity
B. Confusion and poor leadership
C. One employee in charge
D. Political disorder
2. Which of the following was developed by Motorola to improve its processes by
minimizing defects?
A. ISO 9000
B. Six sigma
C. QS 9000
D. TQM
3. Quality applies to which aspect(s) of the organization?
A. Products only
B. Products and services
C. People and product
D. Products, services, and people
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Deming’s philosophy?
A. It is based on improving products and services by reducing uncertainty and variability in the design and manufacturing processes
B. Quality is either or not present in the whole organization; that quality is the responsibility of everyone in the organization
C. Increasing conformance to specifications through elimination of defects, supported extensively by statistical tools for analysis
D. Increasing loss, for the producer, the customer, and society, associated with increasing variability from a target value
5. Which of the following statements, in relation to system, is TRUE for people failing to understand the components of Profound Knowledge?
A. They see the symptoms but not the deep causes of problems
B. They do not know when expectations are realistic
C. They do not understand motivation/why people do what they do
D. They do not know how to plan and accomplish learning and improvement
6. "Problems will remain unsolved, despite their best efforts." When this will happen?
A. When people don’t understand systems
B. When people don’t understand psychology
C. When people don’t understand variation
D. When people don’t understand the theory of knowledge
7. Which stage in the Shewhart Cycle implements the change on a small scale?
A. Do stage
B. Act stage
C. Plan stage
D. Check stage
8. Which of the following s determining what to control, establishing units of
measurement so that data may be objectively evaluated?
A. Quality improvement
B. Quality planning
C. Quality control
D. Quality process
9. All of the following steps are required for quality planning EXCEPT:
A. Determine who the customers are
B. Deploy the plans to operational levels
C. Identify customers’ needs
D. Assess actual quality performance
10. Which of the following is an answer to the First Absolute of Quality Management
as summarized by Crosby; what is quality?
A. Conformance to requirements
B. Prevention
C. Zero defects
D. Price of nonconformance
HR Development (HRM-627) - Solution (Vusolutions)
1. Which of the following is referred as “the physical ability to perform athletic activity?”
a. Health
b. Fitness
c. Alertness
d. Activeness
2. When levels of glycogen become excessively ________, the an aerobically trained
metabolism turns to blood sugar as its secondary source of fuel
a. Low
b. High
c. Fast
d. None of the given options
3. Fatigue, recurrent, exercise injuries, low blood sugar patterns, depression and
anxiety, fat metabolism problems are the symptoms directly related to excessive
_________ raining of your metabolism
a. Aerobic
b. Anaerobic
c. Fitness
d. Balanced
4. Infant mortality in poor countries is __________ per 1,000 live births.
a. 85
b. 115
c. 100
d. 150
5. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of group decision making?
a. Minority domination
b. Increased legitimacy
c. Generate more alternatives
d. Increase acceptance of a solution
6. _____________ makes people different, yet similar, in many ways.
a. Intelligence
b. Family life
c. Personality
d. Motivation
7. If you activate your aerobic system with proper exercise and diet, you burn which of
the following as your primary fuel?
a. Water
b. Glucose
c. Vitamins
d. Fat
8. Which of the following is not one of the types of teams?
a. Functional teams
b. Cross functional teams
c. Virtual teams
d. Managed teams
9. “A form of conformity in which group members feel extensive pressure to align their
opinions with other’s opinion” is called _____________.
a. Role
b. Norm
c. Status
d. Group think
10. Conflict that prevents a group from achieving its goals is called:
a. Functional conflict
b. Task conflict
c. Dysfunctional conflict
d. Process conflict
[[NOTE:- We always try our best to upload 100% correct solution BUT it is requested that you kindly review it before submission, please.]]
a. Health
b. Fitness
c. Alertness
d. Activeness
2. When levels of glycogen become excessively ________, the an aerobically trained
metabolism turns to blood sugar as its secondary source of fuel
a. Low
b. High
c. Fast
d. None of the given options
3. Fatigue, recurrent, exercise injuries, low blood sugar patterns, depression and
anxiety, fat metabolism problems are the symptoms directly related to excessive
_________ raining of your metabolism
a. Aerobic
b. Anaerobic
c. Fitness
d. Balanced
4. Infant mortality in poor countries is __________ per 1,000 live births.
a. 85
b. 115
c. 100
d. 150
5. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of group decision making?
a. Minority domination
b. Increased legitimacy
c. Generate more alternatives
d. Increase acceptance of a solution
6. _____________ makes people different, yet similar, in many ways.
a. Intelligence
b. Family life
c. Personality
d. Motivation
7. If you activate your aerobic system with proper exercise and diet, you burn which of
the following as your primary fuel?
a. Water
b. Glucose
c. Vitamins
d. Fat
8. Which of the following is not one of the types of teams?
a. Functional teams
b. Cross functional teams
c. Virtual teams
d. Managed teams
9. “A form of conformity in which group members feel extensive pressure to align their
opinions with other’s opinion” is called _____________.
a. Role
b. Norm
c. Status
d. Group think
10. Conflict that prevents a group from achieving its goals is called:
a. Functional conflict
b. Task conflict
c. Dysfunctional conflict
d. Process conflict
[[NOTE:- We always try our best to upload 100% correct solution BUT it is requested that you kindly review it before submission, please.]]
Wednesday, April 15, 2009
How to find assignments on VUsolutions????
Dear students,
Thanks to visit us.
We are still receiving lot of emails/queries regarding "HOW WE FIND OUT OUR ASSIGNMENTS ON VUsolutions?".
Ok, you just see "Course code wise categories", this tab/section is available on right side of website's page (below the Chat Box).
In "Course code wise categories" you just find out your code and click on code name. For example for CS-101 or other CS courses click "CS and IT", for Mgt101, Mgt201, Mgt502 or other Mgt related codes please click on "Mgt" tab, for Accounting related subjects, click "Acc" tab, for English related subject "Eng" tab, for Marketing related courses click on "Mkt" tab, for Finance related courses click "Fin" tab, for HRM related courses click "HRM" tab, Mathmatics related subjects click "Mth" tab and so on....
Best of Luck
VU Help Desk...
Thanks to visit us.
We are still receiving lot of emails/queries regarding "HOW WE FIND OUT OUR ASSIGNMENTS ON VUsolutions?".
Ok, you just see "Course code wise categories", this tab/section is available on right side of website's page (below the Chat Box).
In "Course code wise categories" you just find out your code and click on code name. For example for CS-101 or other CS courses click "CS and IT", for Mgt101, Mgt201, Mgt502 or other Mgt related codes please click on "Mgt" tab, for Accounting related subjects, click "Acc" tab, for English related subject "Eng" tab, for Marketing related courses click on "Mkt" tab, for Finance related courses click "Fin" tab, for HRM related courses click "HRM" tab, Mathmatics related subjects click "Mth" tab and so on....
Best of Luck
VU Help Desk...
Mgt-401 - Solution from VUsolutions
www.VUsolutions.blogspot.com
2 A
3 A
4 A
5 A
6 D
7 D
8 D
9 D
10 C
11 B
12 C
13 C
14 B
15 C
16 D
17 C
18 B
19 C
20 D
[[NOTE:- We always try our best to upload 100% correct solution BUT it is requested that you kindly review it before submission, please.]]
10 Essential Health Tips from VUsolutions
"He who has health has hope, and he who has hope has everything." -Arabian Proverb
1. Move More
Make it a daily challenge to find ways to move your body. Climb stairs if given a choice between that and escalators or elevators. Walk your dog; chase your kids; toss balls with friends, mow the lawn. Anything that moves your limbs is not only a fitness tool, it's a stress buster. Think 'move' in small increments of time. It doesn't have to be an hour in the gym or a 45-minute aerobic dance class or tai chi or kickboxing. But that's great when you're up to it. Meanwhile, move more. Thought for the day: Cha, Cha, Cha…. Then do it!
2. Cut Fat
Avoid the obvious such as fried foods, burgers and other fatty meats (i.e. pork, bacon, ham, salami, ribs and sausage). Dairy products such as cheese, cottage cheese, milk and cream should be eaten in low fat versions. Nuts and sandwich meats, mayonnaise, margarine, butter and sauces should be eaten in limited amounts. Most are available in lower fat versions such as substitute butter, fat free cheeses and mayonnaise. Thought for the day: Lean, mean, fat-burning machine…. Then be one!
3. Quit Smoking
The jury is definitely in on this verdict. Ever since 1960 when the Surgeon General announced that smoking was harmful to your health, Americans have been reducing their use of tobacco products that kill. Just recently, we've seen a surge in smoking in adolescents and teens. Could it be the Hollywood influence? It seems the stars in every movie of late smoke cigarettes. Beware. Warn your children of the false romance or 'tough guy' stance of Hollywood smokers. Thought for the day: Give up just one cigarette…. the next one.
4. Reduce Stress
Easier said than done, stress busters come in many forms. Some techniques recommended by experts are to think positive thoughts. Spend 30 minutes a day doing something you like. (i.e.,Soak in a hot tub; walk on the beach or in a park; read a good book; visit a friend; play with your dog; listen to soothing music; watch a funny movie. Get a massage, a facial or a haircut. Meditate. Count to ten before losing your temper or getting aggravated. Avoid difficult people when possible. Thought for the day: When seeing red, think pink clouds….then float on them.
5. Protect Yourself from Pollution
If you can't live in a smog-free environment, at least avoid smoke-filled rooms, high traffic areas, breathing in highway fumes and exercising near busy thoroughfares. Exercise outside when the smog rating is low. Exercise indoors in air conditioning when air quality is good. Plant lots of shrubbery in your yard. It's a good pollution and dirt from the street deterrent. Thought for the day: 'Smoke gets in your eyes'…and your mouth, and your nose and your lungs as do pollutants….hum the tune daily.
6. Wear Your Seat Belt
Statistics show that seat belts add to longevity and help alleviate potential injuries in car crashes. Thought for the day: Buckle down and buckle up.
7. Floss Your Teeth
Recent studies make a direct connection between longevity and teeth flossing. Nobody knows exactly why. Perhaps it's because people who floss tend to be more health conscious than people who don't? Thought for the day: Floss and be your body's boss.
8. Avoid Excessive Drinking
While recent studies show a glass of wine or one drink a day (two for men) can help protect against heart disease, more than that can cause other health problems such as liver and kidney disease and cancer. Thought for the day: A jug of wine should last a long time.
9. Keep a Positive Mental Outlook
There's a definitive connection between living well and healthfully and having a cheerful outlook on life. Thought for the day: You can't be unhappy when you're smiling or singing.
10. Choose Your Parents Well
The link between genetics and health is a powerful one. But just because one or both of your parents died young in ill health doesn't mean you cannot counteract the genetic pool handed you. Thought for the day: Follow these basic tips for healthy living and you can better control your own destiny.
1. Move More
Make it a daily challenge to find ways to move your body. Climb stairs if given a choice between that and escalators or elevators. Walk your dog; chase your kids; toss balls with friends, mow the lawn. Anything that moves your limbs is not only a fitness tool, it's a stress buster. Think 'move' in small increments of time. It doesn't have to be an hour in the gym or a 45-minute aerobic dance class or tai chi or kickboxing. But that's great when you're up to it. Meanwhile, move more. Thought for the day: Cha, Cha, Cha…. Then do it!
2. Cut Fat
Avoid the obvious such as fried foods, burgers and other fatty meats (i.e. pork, bacon, ham, salami, ribs and sausage). Dairy products such as cheese, cottage cheese, milk and cream should be eaten in low fat versions. Nuts and sandwich meats, mayonnaise, margarine, butter and sauces should be eaten in limited amounts. Most are available in lower fat versions such as substitute butter, fat free cheeses and mayonnaise. Thought for the day: Lean, mean, fat-burning machine…. Then be one!
3. Quit Smoking
The jury is definitely in on this verdict. Ever since 1960 when the Surgeon General announced that smoking was harmful to your health, Americans have been reducing their use of tobacco products that kill. Just recently, we've seen a surge in smoking in adolescents and teens. Could it be the Hollywood influence? It seems the stars in every movie of late smoke cigarettes. Beware. Warn your children of the false romance or 'tough guy' stance of Hollywood smokers. Thought for the day: Give up just one cigarette…. the next one.
4. Reduce Stress
Easier said than done, stress busters come in many forms. Some techniques recommended by experts are to think positive thoughts. Spend 30 minutes a day doing something you like. (i.e.,Soak in a hot tub; walk on the beach or in a park; read a good book; visit a friend; play with your dog; listen to soothing music; watch a funny movie. Get a massage, a facial or a haircut. Meditate. Count to ten before losing your temper or getting aggravated. Avoid difficult people when possible. Thought for the day: When seeing red, think pink clouds….then float on them.
5. Protect Yourself from Pollution
If you can't live in a smog-free environment, at least avoid smoke-filled rooms, high traffic areas, breathing in highway fumes and exercising near busy thoroughfares. Exercise outside when the smog rating is low. Exercise indoors in air conditioning when air quality is good. Plant lots of shrubbery in your yard. It's a good pollution and dirt from the street deterrent. Thought for the day: 'Smoke gets in your eyes'…and your mouth, and your nose and your lungs as do pollutants….hum the tune daily.
6. Wear Your Seat Belt
Statistics show that seat belts add to longevity and help alleviate potential injuries in car crashes. Thought for the day: Buckle down and buckle up.
7. Floss Your Teeth
Recent studies make a direct connection between longevity and teeth flossing. Nobody knows exactly why. Perhaps it's because people who floss tend to be more health conscious than people who don't? Thought for the day: Floss and be your body's boss.
8. Avoid Excessive Drinking
While recent studies show a glass of wine or one drink a day (two for men) can help protect against heart disease, more than that can cause other health problems such as liver and kidney disease and cancer. Thought for the day: A jug of wine should last a long time.
9. Keep a Positive Mental Outlook
There's a definitive connection between living well and healthfully and having a cheerful outlook on life. Thought for the day: You can't be unhappy when you're smiling or singing.
10. Choose Your Parents Well
The link between genetics and health is a powerful one. But just because one or both of your parents died young in ill health doesn't mean you cannot counteract the genetic pool handed you. Thought for the day: Follow these basic tips for healthy living and you can better control your own destiny.
Top 10 Ways to Earn Money at Home from VUsolutions
You do not have to read many success stories before you start wishing you could work for yourself. The opportunity to be your own boss and the potential for high income are enough to entice us to venture on our own. But what can you do? What kind of business would you be suitable to start? We have compiled the top 10 ways to earn money at home, enough to be a full-time self-employed businessperson!
1. Antiques
The buying and selling of antiques has been and should continue to be a very productive business, financially, for those that do it. Here, you only need an extra room in the house, or the use of your garage -- and you have an office!
If you have a large home that has some antique furnishings, you might consider turning it into a showroom for your antique acquisitions and sales, providing you satisfy any local zoning regulations. The interest in antiques will survive into the foreseeable future. Many people choose to spend their free time on the weekends "antiquating" from place to place to try and pick up a few odds or ends and maybe a jewel or two. If you know anything about antiques, this may be a great opportunity for you.
2. Baking
Have you ever been told that you have a recipe that people would line up to get if they could? Ever had anyone tell you that you should be selling those cupcakes you make?
There are a number of success stories about people who have launched successful businesses by cooking at home and then marketing to local people first. You may specialize in on just one well-tried and tested food product; or you may innovate on a product that you created yourself and which has never been marketed before. Having perfected the recipe you then turn to packaging and marketing. Word of mouth on a good product may start to get restaurants or bakeries interested in acquiring your culinary masterpieces. Then you progress to selling them statewide and you're on your way to a profitable home-based business.
3. Bed-and-Breakfast Proprietors
Have you ever stayed in a bed and breakfast and thought, "Hey, I can do this!" You probably went on vacation and simply chalked your thought up as one of those pipedreams one gets when they stay in a beautiful spot.
Don't toss that thought away! While it's not easy work as the hours can be long and it's usually a seven days per week business, it's often something that you can work into a daily schedule. After all, it's merely an extension of doing the housework for family, right? More and more Americans are taking after Europeans and opening their homes to travelers.
If you have an extra room or two since the kids moved out, you can start a bed and breakfast in your own place! Bed and breakfast popularity will continue as more and more vacationers and business travelers seek a different accommodation away from the predictability of the average hotel room. If they enjoy their stay, many become "repeat" customers, coming back to the same familiar surroundings time and again.
If you don't need to do any major renovations in the house to accommodate this type of establishment, you can be off and running with very little money invested, other than advertising and some new "guest room supplies". If your dream is to buy a bed and breakfast somewhere in a vacation paradise, there are probably houses for sale that will work for this purpose.
4. Childcare
Due to the financial pressures faced by many families today, parents work outside of the home to bring in enough income to pay daily living expenses. A single parent is obviously working but all too often, both members of a two-parent family are in the workforce. This creates a home-based opportunity. Children must be watched, all day if they're not in school, or, otherwise, for a brief time after school before the parents finish work for the day. Most parents want their children immersed in a more stimulating environment than is usual with the average babysitter. You can begin small at home, offering a more stimulating and educational environment setting for client children.
Caring for one additional child may not be that lucrative, but taking care of several children can certainly be a full-time, financially successful business. Often, taking care of several children is made somewhat easier as the youngsters often will play together. You can do this at home for only a small investment in basic equipment and toys for the kids in addition to the advertising of your business.
5. Computer Specialist
The advent of the computer age has changed the concept of self-employment. Having a computer at home has opened a number of opportunities for running your own business utilizing this equipment. Companies everywhere are "outsourcing" work that can be done by someone else on their computer, out of their own home.
If you are a whiz in computers, you may end up working as a consultant, writing programs for companies. If you are a beginner, you may find yourself able to obtain work as a writer, using your computer to produce copy that is easy to edit. You can also keep accounting and payroll records for companies on your computer's database.
Word processing software can be used not only for writers but for those that can offer secretarial services out of their house. Desktop publishing software can allow you to do newsletters for businesses and other organizations. If you can operate a computer, you can find work in the information age today.
Of course, the advent of the Web has opened a lot of business opportunities for the enterprising individuals. If you have skills in lay-outing and graphic design, you can be a website designer. Website designers earn significant amounts of money nowadays.
6. Gardening
If you like working in your garden each year , it's a definite possibility for home-based employment. Imagine clearing a little more space and growing more items that you can sell directly to the consumer. You can produce vegetables, bedding plants, bonzai tree, exotic plants, flower trees, herb, house plants, landscaping plants, orchids and many more.
Most produce stands will buy from you if your product is one of high quality. If you enjoy gardening, this could be your ticket! If you have some more land to use, do it! Plant what you can, when you can! Contact your local produce stands to ascertain their buying habits.
You can even inquire about your own produce stand if you have enough product. The more space you have on your land, the more likely you will be able to generate enough crops to run the business. People love homegrown vegetables. They just do not have the time or want to be bothered doing it themselves. That is your open door!
You can also engage in selling other gardening products and supplies such as compost, earthworms, herb boxes, beneficial bugs, or drip irrigation systems.
7. Importer and Distributor
There are a substantial number of products manufactured in other countries that can be bought inexpensively and sold in your country at a profitable level. The Government and the formation of international trade organizations have made it easier to bring in other products from other countries.
This is a business easily operated out of the home, depending on the types of stock you're carrying. You may have to rent some storage space, but the capital required to start should essentially be limited to the products you're buying to sell here.
If you know the type of product you want to import and the market most likely to purchase your goods, you have great potential for a successful home-based business.
8. Interior Decorator
Interior decorating is a business that will require you to be mobile, constantly meeting with customers. It offers flexible hours, a good variety of activities, and a very lucrative return. If you have a fascination for decorating a home, this could be your line of work. Many people do not know where to start when they are remodeling or buying a house for the first time.
If you have the knowledge of colors and patterns and what looks good together, plus the expertise of knowing where to get materials and furnishings, this can be a winning home-based business for you. To be able to decorate a room so that it conveys the mood that the homeowner wishes will be your goal. Strive for the skillful, personal touch in all you design.
9. Photographer
The sky is the limit here! Armed with your trusty camera and some good advertising, you can do weddings, models, family portraits, passports, student photos, local newspaper coverage; almost anything that requires a picture!
You can easily start this work, part-time, and work into full-time work based on your success and inclination. Not much equipment is necessary to get going as a camera off the store shelf can often do the trick today. Picking up a tripod and having a room sufficient for developing your pictures, and you're in business -- at home!
10. Sewing and Alterations
Many people love to sew. If you are one of them, consider offering this service out of your home. When someone buys a new outfit, it rarely fits perfectly, meaning some kind of alteration must be done.
People look long and hard to find reliable individuals to do their alterations. If you can sew, you are well on your way to opening the doors of this type of business.
1. Antiques
The buying and selling of antiques has been and should continue to be a very productive business, financially, for those that do it. Here, you only need an extra room in the house, or the use of your garage -- and you have an office!
If you have a large home that has some antique furnishings, you might consider turning it into a showroom for your antique acquisitions and sales, providing you satisfy any local zoning regulations. The interest in antiques will survive into the foreseeable future. Many people choose to spend their free time on the weekends "antiquating" from place to place to try and pick up a few odds or ends and maybe a jewel or two. If you know anything about antiques, this may be a great opportunity for you.
2. Baking
Have you ever been told that you have a recipe that people would line up to get if they could? Ever had anyone tell you that you should be selling those cupcakes you make?
There are a number of success stories about people who have launched successful businesses by cooking at home and then marketing to local people first. You may specialize in on just one well-tried and tested food product; or you may innovate on a product that you created yourself and which has never been marketed before. Having perfected the recipe you then turn to packaging and marketing. Word of mouth on a good product may start to get restaurants or bakeries interested in acquiring your culinary masterpieces. Then you progress to selling them statewide and you're on your way to a profitable home-based business.
3. Bed-and-Breakfast Proprietors
Have you ever stayed in a bed and breakfast and thought, "Hey, I can do this!" You probably went on vacation and simply chalked your thought up as one of those pipedreams one gets when they stay in a beautiful spot.
Don't toss that thought away! While it's not easy work as the hours can be long and it's usually a seven days per week business, it's often something that you can work into a daily schedule. After all, it's merely an extension of doing the housework for family, right? More and more Americans are taking after Europeans and opening their homes to travelers.
If you have an extra room or two since the kids moved out, you can start a bed and breakfast in your own place! Bed and breakfast popularity will continue as more and more vacationers and business travelers seek a different accommodation away from the predictability of the average hotel room. If they enjoy their stay, many become "repeat" customers, coming back to the same familiar surroundings time and again.
If you don't need to do any major renovations in the house to accommodate this type of establishment, you can be off and running with very little money invested, other than advertising and some new "guest room supplies". If your dream is to buy a bed and breakfast somewhere in a vacation paradise, there are probably houses for sale that will work for this purpose.
4. Childcare
Due to the financial pressures faced by many families today, parents work outside of the home to bring in enough income to pay daily living expenses. A single parent is obviously working but all too often, both members of a two-parent family are in the workforce. This creates a home-based opportunity. Children must be watched, all day if they're not in school, or, otherwise, for a brief time after school before the parents finish work for the day. Most parents want their children immersed in a more stimulating environment than is usual with the average babysitter. You can begin small at home, offering a more stimulating and educational environment setting for client children.
Caring for one additional child may not be that lucrative, but taking care of several children can certainly be a full-time, financially successful business. Often, taking care of several children is made somewhat easier as the youngsters often will play together. You can do this at home for only a small investment in basic equipment and toys for the kids in addition to the advertising of your business.
5. Computer Specialist
The advent of the computer age has changed the concept of self-employment. Having a computer at home has opened a number of opportunities for running your own business utilizing this equipment. Companies everywhere are "outsourcing" work that can be done by someone else on their computer, out of their own home.
If you are a whiz in computers, you may end up working as a consultant, writing programs for companies. If you are a beginner, you may find yourself able to obtain work as a writer, using your computer to produce copy that is easy to edit. You can also keep accounting and payroll records for companies on your computer's database.
Word processing software can be used not only for writers but for those that can offer secretarial services out of their house. Desktop publishing software can allow you to do newsletters for businesses and other organizations. If you can operate a computer, you can find work in the information age today.
Of course, the advent of the Web has opened a lot of business opportunities for the enterprising individuals. If you have skills in lay-outing and graphic design, you can be a website designer. Website designers earn significant amounts of money nowadays.
6. Gardening
If you like working in your garden each year , it's a definite possibility for home-based employment. Imagine clearing a little more space and growing more items that you can sell directly to the consumer. You can produce vegetables, bedding plants, bonzai tree, exotic plants, flower trees, herb, house plants, landscaping plants, orchids and many more.
Most produce stands will buy from you if your product is one of high quality. If you enjoy gardening, this could be your ticket! If you have some more land to use, do it! Plant what you can, when you can! Contact your local produce stands to ascertain their buying habits.
You can even inquire about your own produce stand if you have enough product. The more space you have on your land, the more likely you will be able to generate enough crops to run the business. People love homegrown vegetables. They just do not have the time or want to be bothered doing it themselves. That is your open door!
You can also engage in selling other gardening products and supplies such as compost, earthworms, herb boxes, beneficial bugs, or drip irrigation systems.
7. Importer and Distributor
There are a substantial number of products manufactured in other countries that can be bought inexpensively and sold in your country at a profitable level. The Government and the formation of international trade organizations have made it easier to bring in other products from other countries.
This is a business easily operated out of the home, depending on the types of stock you're carrying. You may have to rent some storage space, but the capital required to start should essentially be limited to the products you're buying to sell here.
If you know the type of product you want to import and the market most likely to purchase your goods, you have great potential for a successful home-based business.
8. Interior Decorator
Interior decorating is a business that will require you to be mobile, constantly meeting with customers. It offers flexible hours, a good variety of activities, and a very lucrative return. If you have a fascination for decorating a home, this could be your line of work. Many people do not know where to start when they are remodeling or buying a house for the first time.
If you have the knowledge of colors and patterns and what looks good together, plus the expertise of knowing where to get materials and furnishings, this can be a winning home-based business for you. To be able to decorate a room so that it conveys the mood that the homeowner wishes will be your goal. Strive for the skillful, personal touch in all you design.
9. Photographer
The sky is the limit here! Armed with your trusty camera and some good advertising, you can do weddings, models, family portraits, passports, student photos, local newspaper coverage; almost anything that requires a picture!
You can easily start this work, part-time, and work into full-time work based on your success and inclination. Not much equipment is necessary to get going as a camera off the store shelf can often do the trick today. Picking up a tripod and having a room sufficient for developing your pictures, and you're in business -- at home!
10. Sewing and Alterations
Many people love to sew. If you are one of them, consider offering this service out of your home. When someone buys a new outfit, it rarely fits perfectly, meaning some kind of alteration must be done.
People look long and hard to find reliable individuals to do their alterations. If you can sew, you are well on your way to opening the doors of this type of business.
Examination Tips and Techniques (How to attempt paper)
Before Examination- Lack of practice and preparation is a major reason for students not doing well in examinations. Here, we highlight to you the major points that you should take note before any examination.
- It is important that you clarify all your doubts and questions about a particular topic with your tutor, teachers or peers before the exam.
- Practice past year and examination papers from other schools if possible. These resources may not always be available so you have to source for them.
- Always memorize all important formulas, principles, questions and even solutions. During examinations, they should be at your fingertips.
- Nobody knows what is going to come out during exams. But we should always pay attention to popular and important questions.
During Examination
Proper planning is a major key to score As during exams. A well designed exam paper should consist of
50% easy questions
40% moderate
10% difficult (specially designed so that your teacher can tell who the hardworking students are. =)
- Before you even write anything, always take at least 5 minutes to look through the whole paper and determine the difficulty level. Allocate sufficient time for each section too.
- Attempt easy questions first – This makes perfect sense since an average students should be able to attempt the 50% easy questions. Leaving the 10% questions blank will not cause you to fail miserably.
- Allocate appropriate time for each question. Very often, students spent too much time on something very difficult, and ended up not attempting the ones that they can do. A general guideline is to spend the amount of time according to how many marks the question carries. A 20 marks question probably deserves 1/5 of your time and attention.
- Always check for careless mistakes. We need not elaborate further. Careless mistakes should always be avoided at all cost since they are mostly likely the questions you can attempt.
After examination
It is always advisable to rest for 6 to 8 hours before preparing for the next subject again. After a Maths paper, your mind is probably full of equations and you will most likely not able to study anything else.
We hope this article can be useful to students preparing for examinations. If you feel too stressful about your coming examinations, do not hesitate to let us know.
- It is important that you clarify all your doubts and questions about a particular topic with your tutor, teachers or peers before the exam.
- Practice past year and examination papers from other schools if possible. These resources may not always be available so you have to source for them.
- Always memorize all important formulas, principles, questions and even solutions. During examinations, they should be at your fingertips.
- Nobody knows what is going to come out during exams. But we should always pay attention to popular and important questions.
During Examination
Proper planning is a major key to score As during exams. A well designed exam paper should consist of
50% easy questions
40% moderate
10% difficult (specially designed so that your teacher can tell who the hardworking students are. =)
- Before you even write anything, always take at least 5 minutes to look through the whole paper and determine the difficulty level. Allocate sufficient time for each section too.
- Attempt easy questions first – This makes perfect sense since an average students should be able to attempt the 50% easy questions. Leaving the 10% questions blank will not cause you to fail miserably.
- Allocate appropriate time for each question. Very often, students spent too much time on something very difficult, and ended up not attempting the ones that they can do. A general guideline is to spend the amount of time according to how many marks the question carries. A 20 marks question probably deserves 1/5 of your time and attention.
- Always check for careless mistakes. We need not elaborate further. Careless mistakes should always be avoided at all cost since they are mostly likely the questions you can attempt.
After examination
It is always advisable to rest for 6 to 8 hours before preparing for the next subject again. After a Maths paper, your mind is probably full of equations and you will most likely not able to study anything else.
We hope this article can be useful to students preparing for examinations. If you feel too stressful about your coming examinations, do not hesitate to let us know.
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